Tafsir al-Mizan, Volume 16
Volume sixteen continues the commentary on Sūrah al-Aʿrāf (Chapter 7), covering verses 94–206. This volume provides deep insights into divine customs, ethical principles, and spiritual realities, as well as addressing key theological discussions.
The commentary begins with reflections on divine trials and their purpose (verses 94–102). ʿAllāmah Ṭabāṭabaʿī examines how hardship and ease serve as tests from God to guide humanity back to the straight path. He elaborates on the concept of divine “plotting” (makr) and the consequences of ingratitude and heedlessness in human communities.
A central theme in this volume is the story of Prophet Moses (a.s.) and the Israelites (verses 103–160). ʿAllāmah provides a detailed analysis of Moses’s mission to confront Pharaoh and liberate the Children of Israel. He highlights the challenges faced by Moses, the repeated denial of truth by Pharaoh and his people, and the ultimate triumph of divine will. The commentary explores the moral and spiritual lessons derived from these events, such as the consequences of arrogance, the significance of patience, and the role of divine support in overcoming oppression.
One of the most profound discussions in this volume is the request of Moses (a.s.) to see God (verse 143). ʿAllāmah explores the theological implications of this event, explaining the Qurʾānic stance on the impossibility of perceiving God through sensory means. He reflects on the nature of divine knowledge and the human capacity to comprehend metaphysical realities.
The commentary also addresses the primordial covenant (mīthāq) between God and humanity (verses 172–174). ʿAllāmah discusses the implications of this pre-eternal testimony, emphasizing its role in affirming the innate recognition of God’s lordship within human nature (fiṭra). This section includes a philosophical exploration of the relationship between divine knowledge, human awareness, and moral responsibility.
Another significant theme is the concept of divine names and attributes (verses 180–186). ʿAllāmah provides a detailed exposition on the meaning, classification, and application of God’s “most beautiful names” (asmāʾ al-ḥusnā). He explores their theological significance and their role in shaping human understanding of divine attributes and actions.
The concluding verses (187–206) focus on the importance of humility, mindfulness, and remembrance (dhikr) of God. ʿAllāmah emphasizes the Qurʾānic call to reflect on the signs of God in creation and to maintain a constant state of awareness and gratitude. The volume concludes with reflections on the consequences of heedlessness and the rewards of mindfulness, linking these themes to the broader Qurʾānic vision of salvation.
Subtle discussions in this volume include the interplay of free will and divine decree, the relationship between divine mercy and justice, and the ethical implications of human actions. ʿAllāmah masterfully integrates Qurʾānic exegesis with philosophical and spiritual insights, providing a comprehensive understanding of these profound themes.
Translator: Tawus Raja
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The commentary in this volume is on almizan.org:
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