Tafsir al-Mizan, Volume 20
Volume twenty continues the commentary on Sūrah Hūd (Chapter 11), covering verses 25–99. This volume examines the theological, historical, and ethical themes, providing detailed insights into the stories of earlier prophets, the nature of divine guidance, and human accountability.
The commentary begins with the narrative of Prophet Noah (verses 25–49), emphasizing his struggle to guide his people towards monotheism and righteousness. ʿAllāmah Ṭabāṭabaʿī explores Noah’s logical and moral arguments, the rejection he faced from his community, and the eventual divine punishment that befell them. This section highlights themes of patience, reliance on God, and the consequences of arrogance and disbelief.
The story of Prophet Hūd follows, addressing his mission to the people of ʿĀd (verses 50–60). ʿAllāmah discusses Hūd’s call to abandon idolatry and embrace monotheism, highlighting the rejection of his message and the destruction that resulted from their persistent defiance. The commentary draws parallels between Hūd’s struggle and the challenges faced by other prophets, emphasizing the universality of the Qurʾānic message.
The volume also covers the account of Prophet Ṣāliḥ and the people of Thamūd (verses 61–68). ʿAllāmah reflects on the miraculous she-camel as a sign of divine power and the moral lessons derived from its rejection by the people. This section highlights the recurring Qurʾānic theme of the interplay between human free will and divine decree.
The story of Prophet Abraham and his interaction with the angels is explored next (verses 69–76). The angels’ visit brings glad tidings of a son and warnings of the impending punishment for the people of Lot. ʿAllāmah explores the significance of hospitality, compassion, and intercession as demonstrated by Abraham.
The narrative of Prophet Lot (a.s.) follows (verses 77–83), focusing on his efforts to guide his people away from immoral behavior and the divine punishment that ultimately destroyed them. ʿAllāmah examines the ethical and societal implications of Lot’s story, emphasizing the Qurʾānic call for purity and justice.
The account of Prophet Shuʿayb (verses 84–95) addresses issues of economic justice, fair trade, and the moral responsibilities of leadership. ʿAllāmah critiques the societal corruption and moral decay of Shuʿayb’s people, linking their destruction to their persistent wrongdoing and disregard for divine guidance.
A significant philosophical digression in this volume pertains to human free will and divine justice. ʿAllāmah Ṭabāṭabaʿī explores the Qurʾānic perspective on human agency, emphasizing the balance between individual accountability and divine mercy. This discussion provides a framework for understanding the ethical and theological principles that underpin the Qurʾānic worldview.
The concluding verses (96–99) reflect on the ultimate triumph of truth and the inevitability of divine justice. ʿAllāmah emphasizes the Qurʾān’s call to learn from the past, to strive for moral and spiritual growth, and to remain steadfast in the face of challenges.
Subtle discussions in this volume include the philosophical implications of prophetic missions, the dynamics of human society, and the ethical responsibilities of individuals and communities. ʿAllāmah integrates these themes with historical analysis, providing a comprehensive understanding of the Qurʾānic narrative.
Read this volume online
The commentary in this volume is on almizan.org:
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